2.             MUNICIPAL PRICE INDEX FOR THE CITY OF OTTAWA

 

INDICE DES PRIX MUNICIPAUX POUR LA VILLE D’OTTAWA

 

 

 

Committee Recommendation

 

That Council direct the City Treasurer and Finance Branch and the Auditor General to prepare a report documenting the issue involved in the attempt to determine a Municipal Price Index for the City of Ottawa.

 

 

Recommandation DU Comité

 

Que le Conseil de donne instruction à la trésorière municipale, à la Direction des finances et au vérificateur général de produire un rapport sur les enjeux liés à l’établissement d’un indice des prix municipaux pour la Ville d’Ottawa.

 

 

 

Documentation

 

1.      Committee Co-ordinator's report, City Clerk’s Branch dated 28 January 2010 (ACS2010-CCS-CPS-0006).

 


Report to / Rapport au :

 

Community and Protective Services Committee

Comité des services communautaires et de protection

 

and Council/et au Conseil

 

28 January 2010 / le 28 janvier 2010

 

Submitted by / Soumis par : Marc Desjardins, Committee Coordinator /

Coordonnateur de comité

 

Contact / Personne-ressource : Councillor D. Holmes
(613) 580-2484, Diane.Holmes@ottawa.ca

 

City Wide / À l'échelle de la Ville

Ref N°:  ACS2010-CCS-CPS-0006

 

SUBJECT:    MUNICIPAL PRICE INDEX FOR THE CITY OF OTTAWA

 

OBJET :         INDICE DES PRIX MUNICIPAUX POUR LA VILLE D’OTTAWA

 

 

REPORT RECOMMENDATION

 

That the Community and Protective Services Committee recommend that Council direct the City Treasurer and Finance Branch and the Auditor General to prepare a report documenting the issue involved in the attempt to determine a Municipal Price Index for the City of Ottawa.

 

RECOMMANDATION DU RAPPORT

 

 

Que le Comité des services communautaires et de protection recommande au Conseil de donner instruction à la trésorière municipale, à la Direction des finances et au vérificateur général de produire un rapport sur les enjeux liés à l’établissement d’un indice des prix municipaux pour la Ville d’Ottawa.

 

BACKGROUND

 

At its meeting of 21 January 2010 the following Notice of Motion was presented to the Community and Protective Services Committee with regards to determining a Municipal Price Index for the City of Ottawa.

 

“That the Financial department and the Auditor General prepare a report documenting the issue involved in the attempt to determine a Municipal Price Index for the City of Ottawa.”

 

At the Council meeting of September 26, 2007 in relation to Corporate Services and Economic Development Committee Report 13, Item 2, - LONG RANGE FINANCIAL PLAN SUB-COMMITTEE - 2008 Draft Budget Directions and High Level Fiscal Directions for 2009 and 2010 the following motion was approved:

 

MOTION NO. 21/16

 

Moved by Councillor D. Holmes

Seconded by Councillor P. Hume

 

That the City Treasurer prepare a municipal price index for the 2008 budget; and

 

That the methodology and appropriateness be reviewed by the Auditor General.

 

                                                                                                            CARRIED

 

The audit came forward that was tabled in June 2008 and was dealt with by Council on August 28, 2008 and the following motion was approved:

 

Municipal Price Index

 

MOTION NO. 41/19

 

Moved by Councillor R. Bloess

Seconded by Councillor J. Harder

 

WHEREAS there is disagreement between the City Auditor and Finance as to how a MPI should be calculated, and

 

WHEREAS it would require an independent, specialized third party to validate the City model; and

 

WHEREAS reviewing the audit results will consume both CAWG and City staff time, and

 

WHEREAS Council does not use the MPI for decision making purposes;

 

BE IT RESOLVED THAT the calculation of MPI be discontinued and that the 2007 Audit of MPI not be referred to CAWG for resolution.

 

CARRIED on a division of 12 YEAS to 11 NAYS as follows:

 

YEAS (12):     Councillors G. Bédard, B. Monette, M. McRae, R. Jellett, E. El-Chantiry, J. Harder, M. Wilkinson, S. Desroches, R. Bloess, S. Qadri, G. Hunter and Mayor O’Brien.

 

NAYS (11):    Councillors P. Feltmate, J. Legendre, G. Brooks, C. Leadman, P. Hume, D. Deans, A. Cullen, M. Bellemare, C. Doucet, R. Chiarelli and D. Holmes.

 

CONSULTATION

 

N/A

 

FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS

 

There are no financial implications associated with the report recommendations.

 

LEGAL/RISK MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS

 

The City Clerk and Solicitor has not been consulted with regard to the preparation of this report. However, for the following reasons, the recommendation will require Council approval to implement: Council on August 28, 2008 directed staff to discontinue work on the calculation of the Municipal Price Index and directed that the 2007 Audit of the Municipal Price Index not be referred to the City Audit Working Group for resolution. 

 

 

RURAL IMPLICATIONS

 

No rural implications.

 

 

SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION

 

 

Document 1–     Municipal Price Index (MPI) Memorandum from City Treasurer – 26 November 2007

Document 2–     Municipal Price Index (MPI)Municipal Price Index – Technical Report – 26 November 2007

Document 3   Office of the Auditor General – Audit of the Municipal Price Index 2007 – Chapter 15

 

 

DISPOSITION

 

Finance and Auditor General staff will take the appropriate action following Council’s decision.

 

 

 


                                                                                                                                     Document 1

M E M O   /   N O T E   D E   S E R V I C E

 

To / Destinataire

Mayor and Members of CouncilMayor and Members of CouncilMayor and Members of Council

File/N° de fichier

From / Expéditeur

Marian Simulik

City Treasurer

Financial Services BranchMarian Simulik
City Treasurer
Financial Services Branch

 

Subject / Objet

Municipal Price Index (MPI) Municipal Price Index (MPI)

Date:  26 November 2007

 

 

At the meeting of Council held on 26 September, the following motion was passed:

 

That the City Treasurer prepare a municipal price index for the 2008 budget; and

That the methodology and appropriateness be reviewed by the Auditor General.

 

Two years prior to this Council direction, negotiations to develop a price index were initiated with Statistics Canada. While they were willing to consider the project it was made clear that it was outside of their mandate and had to be accorded a work priority.  As a result we have not yet been able to obtain a Municipal Price Index from Statistics Canada.

 

This memo provides information regarding the proposed Municipal Price Index (MPI), the resulting MPI for 2006, 2007, and a forecast for 2008. A report detailing the methodology and development of the proposed MPI is provided as Appendix A and is currently under review by the Office of the Auditor General.

 

This Municipal Price Index paints a comprehensive picture of price changes that impact the range of City spending. It is an objective measure of municipal inflationary trends as it relies mainly on price movements measured in the marketplace for goods and services bought by the City of Ottawa. This differs from the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which measures the prices that a consumer faces when buying a basket of goods for a household.

 

Using the methodology described in the attached report, the MPI for 2006, 2007, and 2008 have been estimated and used to illustrate the associated rates of inflation as indicated in figure 1.


 

         Figure 1: Rate of Inflation using MPI vs. CPI

 

Year

Municipal Price Index (MPI)

Rate of Inflation (MPI) %

Rate of Inflation (CPI)

%

2006

104.56

4.6

2.1

2007

108.20

3.5

1.5

2008*

112.10

3.6

2.0

 

* projected value

   Source: City of Ottawa and Statistics Canada, City of Ottawa CPI

 

Upon completion of review by the Auditor General, the detailed report will be finalized and provided to Council for information.  The Municipal Price Index will be updated annually in advance of the budget process to inform budget development and deliberations.

 

 

Approved by:

Marian Simulik

City Treasurer

 

MS

 

 

Attach. 

 

cc:     Executive Management Committee

 


                                                                                                                                     Document 1

M E M O  /  N O T E  D E  S E R V I C E

 

 

 

To / Destinataire

Maire et membres du ConseilMaire et membres du Conseil

File/N° de fichier :

From / Expéditeur

Marian Simulik
Trésorière municipale
Direction des services financiers
Marian Simulik

Trésorière municipale

Direction des services financiersMarian Simulik
Trésorière municipale
Direction des services financiers

 

Subject / Objet

Indice municipal des prix (IMP) Indice municipal des prix (IMP)

Date : le 26 novembre 2007

Dans le cadre de la réunion du Conseil qui a eu lieu le 26 septembre, la motion suivante a été adoptée :

Que la trésorière municipale prépare un indice municipal des prix pour le budget 2008; et

Que la méthode utilisée et l’applicabilité soient évaluées par le vérificateur général.

Deux ans avant cette demande du Conseil, des négociations avaient été entamées avec Statistique Canada dans le but de mettre au point un indice des prix. Bien qu’il était disposé à envisager le projet, Statistique Canada a précisé que cet indice ne faisait pas partie de son mandat et que l’on devait en déterminer la priorité. Par conséquent, nous n’avons pas encore été en mesure d’obtenir un Indice municipal des prix de Statistique Canada.

La présente note de service donne des renseignements sur l’Indice municipal des prix (IMP) proposé, l’IMP qui en résulte pour 2006 et 2007 et une prévision pour 2008. Vous trouverez à l’annexe A un rapport qui précise la méthode utilisée pour établir l’IMP proposé, rapport qui est actuellement examiné par le Bureau du vérificateur général.

Cet Indice municipal des prix brosse un tableau complet de la fluctuation des prix qui a une incidence sur l’étendue des dépenses de la Ville. Il s’agit d’une mesure objective des poussées inflationnistes municipales puisqu’elle est principalement basée sur la variation des prix, mesurée sur le marché, des biens et services que la Ville d’Ottawa a achetés. Cet indice diffère de l’Indice des prix à la consommation (IPC), qui mesure les prix qu’un consommateur doit payer lorsqu’il achète un panier de biens pour un ménage.


 

À l’aide de la méthode décrite dans le rapport ci‑joint, l’IMP pour 2006, 2007 et 2008 a été évalué et a servi à illustrer les taux d’inflation connexes, comme l’illustre la figure 1.

      Figure 1 : Taux d’inflation selon l’IMP c. l’IPC.

Année

Indice municipal des prix (IMP)

Taux d’inflation (IMP) %

Taux d’inflation (IPC)

%

2006

104,56

4,6

2,1

2007

108,20

3.5

1,5

2008*

112,10

3,6

2,0

* valeur prévue

  Source : Ville d’Ottawa et Statistique Canada

Une fois examiné par le vérificateur général, le rapport détaillé sera mis au point et remis au Conseil à titre d’information. L’Indice municipal des prix sera mis à jour une fois par année avant le processus d’établissement du budget afin d’éclairer l’établissement du budget et les délibérations à cet égard.

 

 

Marian Simulik

Trésorière municipale

 

 

 

Pièce jointe

c.c. : Comité exécutif

 

 


                                                                                                                                     Document 2

 

CITY OF OTTAWA

 

MUNICIPAL PRICE INDEX  (MPI)

 

 

 

 

 

 

TECHNICAL REPORT

 

DESCRIBING THE METHODOLOGY AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE MPI

 

 

 

 

 

REPORT BY: FINANCIAL SERVICES

 

 

 

 

 

 

November 26, 2007


 

CITY OF OTTAWA

MUNICIPAL PRICE INDEX (MPI)

 

Background

 

At the September 26, 2007 meeting of Ottawa City Council, the Treasurer was directed to develop a Municipal Price Index (MPI) for the City of Ottawa.  The motion requires the Treasurer to submit the prepared price index to the Auditor General to review the methodology and establish its appropriateness.

 

This report explains the methodology used to build the Municipal Price Index, defines what comprises the basket of expenditures to be included in the MPI, why a base year of 2004-2005 was chosen and the development of the expenditure weights, what the data used is, and their sources and finally the level and rate of change of the price index.  The index is also benchmarked against the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

 

Municipal Price Index Defined

 

A Municipal Price Index provides a tool for measuring the effects of inflation on the cost of providing municipal services.  As such, the MPI has four main uses to city administrators:

 

 

Municipal price indices are known to have been developed and continuously updated for use by the Illinois Municipal League since the early 1970s.

 

MPI Construction

 

Index numbers are values expressed as a percentage of a single base figure and do not have any units associated with them.  For the purposes of the municipal price index this will be a composite index that is made up of spending on compensation, purchased services and materials and supplies.  The MPI will be base-year weighted following the work of Laspeyres, a German economist who developed the first index.  Appendix 1 outlines the Laspeyres methodology to determine the price index.

 

In order to use the standard Laspeyres method for City of Ottawa expenditures, it would be necessary to collect data on prices and quantities purchased for the base year. 

In subsequent years the base year quantities will remain fixed while prices will be tracked.  In this way the index will record price changes only to the basket of base year expenditures made by the City. 

 

However, data on prices and quantities are not readily available except for those items, which are purchased and placed into inventory.  Using a basket of goods made up only of inventoried items will not be representative of City expenditures.

 

For this reason, a modified version of the Laspeyres method known as the “Method of Weighted Relatives” (MWR) (which has been commonly used by local governments such as the “Illinois Municipal League” and the “American City and County Magazine” since 1978) to compute MPI will be used for the City of Ottawa (see Appendix 2).  The MWR allows the use of broad based City expenditure on commodities as the basis for the index.

 

The MWR methodology will use the base year total expenditure data as expenditure weights, summing to 1.0.  In subsequent years, price change factors or relatives for each of the expenditure items (or city purchased commodities) will be determined based on detailed data contained in Consumer Price Index, Producer Price Index and other national sources published by Statistics Canada.  These price relatives will then be multiplied by the base year weights to compute the percentage price change for each item relative to the whole basket of commodities. These percentage changes will then be summed to give the indexed change in prices (or composite MPI) for municipal expenditures as a whole.

 

City expenditures are comprised of the following categories:

 

 

 

For the purposes of the Ottawa MPI, the broad base year City expenditure weights for the period October 1, 2004 to September 30, 2005 will be used.

 

Basket Definition

 

The two key requirements for any MPI computation are that:

 

·          The basket of goods and services be fixed – meaning the quantity of goods and services in the basket would be held constant, and

·          The basket be relevant - meaning the basket must be representative of the goods and services actually purchased by the City.

 

The requirement that a basket be both fixed and relevant to the index's subject matter creates a conflict, because the quantitative proportions among commodities purchased will undergo shifts through time.

 

In the case of City expenditures, these shifts may arise from several economic, social and technological factors.  These include the introduction of new products on the market, variations in weather conditions, changes in demand for services, changes in relative prices, budget directions and changes to existing standards and efficiency requirements.

 

Since a fixed basket reflects quantitative proportions among commodities as they were actually purchased (or consumed) in the basket reference period, it is perfectly relevant to the situation in that period.  It may not, however, be relevant to the situation in the indexes observed or base period (or both), especially when these periods are distant from the basket reference period. When the two periods are far apart, the fixed-basket index may not be perceived as being very meaningful.

 

To address this limitation, statistical agencies periodically update their fixed baskets.  In Canada, a policy of updating CPI baskets on a four-year basis was established in the 1970s.[1] On this basis, the basket of Ottawa MPI commodities will also be updated when the national CPI basket is updated by Statistics Canada.  This is based on the consideration that Statistics Canada indexes would be used to compute price relatives for the Ottawa MPI.

 

Base Year Selection

 

“Base year” refers to the year from which relative MPI levels would be measured and the year in which expenditure levels will be allocated the value of 100.

 

Ideally, a base year selection concurrent with the most current base year (2002) for the CPI would be best because it will allow the City to have a reference benchmark comparable to general inflation. 

However, available data on city expenditure does not facilitate the establishment of 2002 as the base year for the Ottawa MPI.  As a result the Ottawa MPI will use 2005 as the base year when city expenditure will be normalized to 100.

 

Data Sources and Collection

 

All expenditure data are captured from the City’s accounting databases that are maintained in the SAP system.  The other main source of data used to compute the MPI is CANSIM data tables published by Statistics Canada.

 

i.          Compensation Expenditures

Actual compensation expenditures are extracted from the SAP system. Since union groups are not maintained in SAP, the proportion of union affiliation maintained in the Personnel Cost Planning (PCP) sub-module is used to break out expenditure by union for the City. Actual compensation is extracted for City expenditures excluding Police expenditures.  Compensation expenditures include overtime, while benefits are captured and reported separately.  See Appendix 4 for compensation statistics.

 

ii.         Purchased Services

Purchased services are services bought by the City to meet specific requirements needed for operational or service delivery purposes.  Actual expenditures for this group are extracted from the SAP system for the base year and subsequent years.  However, the range of purchased services is wide and varied.  These services are generally bundled in the form of contracts.  In order to apply the indexing technique to these services it will be necessary to break out the major expenditure items comprising these purchases. Each major component; for example childcare, was broken down into key activities, such as labour, supplies or materials and equipment sub-components.  Therefore, as far as possible, representative samples of these purchases are obtained and categorized by their main components.  This will allow us to match price index series to the base year purchases.  A separate data run for purchased services from the Real Estate Information system (REIO) and from the TUPW system within SAP was done and these data were then merged with the main expenditure data.

 

iii.        Material & Supplies

Materials & Supplies expenditures are extracted from the SAP system and represent commodities or items bought for use by the City.

 

iv.                Price Change Statistics

Price change data contained in Statistics Canada indexes represent the best source of economy wide information that is available.  A shortcoming of these datasets is that they are available mainly at the national or regional level and may not, therefore, be fully representative of local price levels.  A list of published indexes used is provided in Appendix 3.

 

 


Municipal Price Index Weights and Calculation

 

The Citywide data have been organized into ten buckets or sub-indexes as shown in Table 1.0

 

 

Table 1.0: Basket of Expenditures Represented in the Municipal Price Index ($ M)*

 

Category

Expenditure

Weight

Compensation incl Benefits & OT and Training

751.10

0.61

Winter Control & Roadworks

155.93

0.13

Skilled & Unskilled Labour

78.93

0.06

Energy

69.43

0.06

Fleet

48.60

0.04

Waste

34.82

0.03

Building & Maintenance

34.69

0.03

Other

33.28

0.03

Information Technology & Communications

12.93

0.01

Medical & Safety

10.35

0.01

Total Basket of Expenditures

$1,230.1

1.0

*excluding police expenditures

 

 

 

Compared with the total 2004 –2005 City expenditure of $2.3 billion, the representative basket makes up about half of total expenditure.  The other half is made-up of Transfers, Grants & Financial Charges and Other Internal Costs, which are excluded from the basket of items primarily because market forces do not set prices for these expenditures. The basket of expenditures reflected in the Table 1.0 comprises 99% of City spending controlled by market forces.

 

As Table 1.0 shows within the representative basket, compensation and training have an expenditure weight of 0.61 and therefore represents a very overweight position in the index.  This item alone will greatly influence the size and movement of the index.  However, this weight is not unlike other municipal indexes referenced in the report where compensation can have a weight as high as 0.75.

 

By applying price changes to the basket of items represented in the citywide expenditure list, the Municipal Price Index for Ottawa is established for 2006 and 2007. The Base Year is 2005 which is set at 100.0. The Index paints a comprehensive picture of price changes that impact the range of City spending. It is an objective measure of municipal inflationary trends because it relies mainly on price movements measured in the marketplace for goods and services bought by the City of Ottawa. 

Table 2.0 below presents the calculated annual Municipal Price Index for Ottawa, which stands at 108.20 (2005=100) in 2007, and 104.56 in 2006.  This represents a cost increase in overall expenditure of 3.5% to the City when compared with 2006 costs.

These results indicate that it would cost the City approximately $4.56 more in 2006 and $8.20 more in 2007 to purchase the same basket of goods and services it purchased in 2005.

 

In comparison, using the CPI, it would cost the City $2.07 more in 2006 and $3.54 more in 2007 to purchase the same basket of goods and services it purchased in 2005.

 

Table 2.0:  Municipal Price Index by Major Component

 

 

 

Weight

Sub-Index of Spending

2006

2007

0.056

Energy

0.063

0.064

0.040

Fleet

0.040

0.040

0.028

Waste

0.030

0.032

0.127

Winter & Road Maintenance & PAYG

0.140

0.147

0.011

Information Technology & Communications

0.011

0.011

0.064

Skilled & Unskilled Labour

0.070

0.073

0.008

Medical & Safety

0.009

0.009

0.028

Building & Maintenance

0.029

0.029

0.611

Compensation including Benefits & OT and Training

0.627

0.649

0.027

Other

0.028

0.028

1.000

Municipal Price Index

104.56

108.20

 

 

Conclusion

 

For municipalities and especially the City of Ottawa, knowing how inflation is impacting municipal expenditures is very important.  A tool such as the municipal price index would help the City monitor whether increases in expenditures are rising at the same rate as increases in the prices for goods and services it purchases.  The MPI differs from the CPI because it measures the cost increases to a representative basket of expenditures that the City makes compared with that of the CPI which measures the prices that a consumer faces when buying a basket of goods for his household.

 

Besides developing and computing the level and rate of increase of the index since 2005, this report emphasizes the methodology used to derive the value of the MPI.  The methodology is described and explained to show that it is the same as that used by statistical agencies and other jurisdictions, which have developed indexes to monitor changes in prices or costs. The method used is the Method of Weighted Relatives described fully in Appendix 2.

 

By using standard methodologies, the City can be confident in the use of the MPI results reported here because they are based on a comprehensive basket of expenditures regularly made by the City.

 

 

References

 

Hill, Peter: “Recent Developments in Index Number Theory and Practice.” OECD 

http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/49/2/35619491.pdf.

 

Cage, Robert, Greenlees, John and Jackman, Patrick (2003): “Introducing the Chained Consumer Price Index.” U.S. Bureau of Labour Statistics, International Working Group on Price Indices see http://www.bls.gov/cpi/super_paris.pdf.

 

von der Lippe, Peter sec. 1.3 Index formulas of Laspeyres and Paasche, PREB13, 21.03.02

http://www.vwl.uni-essen.de/dt/stat/dokumente/tes/preb13.pdf.

 

Diewert, W. Erwin (1999): “The Consumer Price Index and Index Number Purpose.” Paper presented at the Fifth Meeting of the International Working Group on Price Indices (The Ottawa Group), Reykjavik, Iceland, August 25-27, 1999; Revised: September, 1999.

 

Triplett, Jack E. (1999): “Should the Cost-of-Living Index Provide the Conceptual Framework for a Consumer Price Index?” Brookings Institution. Paper presented at: The Measurement of Inflation international conference, Cardiff University Cardiff, Wales, August 31 - September 1, 1999

 

Walzer, Norman, Sutton, Lori A. and Lesko, Abbey (2006): “Municipal Price Index Update, 2006.” Illinois Municipal Review, June 2007 see http://www.iml.org/spps/sitepage.cfm?catID=19

 


Appendix 1

 

Laspeyres Index Method

 

In case of calculating the price index, assuming that for individual item i, price at the base period to be pi 0, at the observation period to be pi t, and quantity at the base period to be qi 0, the following equation is called "Laspeyres formula".


S p it *  q  io

 


S p io *  q  io

 

∑ = Total

p io = Prices for Item i at the base time o

p it = Prices for Item i at the observed time t

 

where, denominator and numerator are total expenditures for all items, at the base and the observation period, respectively, assuming that consumers purchase the same amount of commodities both at the base period and the observation period. In this formula, quantities are fixed at the base period.

 

Example of Laspeyres Standard Price Index Methodology

Assuming Price and Quantity Purchases are Known

 

 

 

Sample Basket of Commodities (i)

Base Year Quantity  (q  io)

Base Year price    (p io)

Total Expenditure Base Year       (p io *  q  io)

New Price     (pit)

Total Expenditure Observed Year     (p it *  q  io)

per cent change in actual prices

a

85

$2.25

$191

$2.50

$213

11.1%

b

30

$35.00

$1,050

$36.00

$1,080

2.9%

c

200

$15.00

$3,000

$15.00

$3,000

0.0%

d

145

$350.00

$50,750

$360.00

$52,200

2.9%

Total

460

 

$54,991

 

$56,493

 

Percentage Change

 

 

 

 

2.73%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derived Index from Laspeyres Method

 

 

Year

Total Expenditure   (∑)

Index

 

 

 

 

Base Year Total Expenditure 

$54,991

100.00

 

 

 

 

Observed Year Total Expenditure

$56,493

102.73

 

 

 

 


Appendix 2

 

METHOD OF WEIGHTED RELATIVES

 

Alternative Formulation Used To Compute Municipal Price Index

 

1.                                            Total Expenditures (TE)base year =  S p io *  q  io

2.                                            Total Expenditures (TE)base year  =        q  io

 


p io

Substituting 2 in the Laspeyres equation for q  io gives us

                    

                             ∑pit / pio * wio

                                               

Swio

∑ = Total

p io = Prices for Item i at the base time o

p it = Prices for Item i at the observed time t

wio  = base year weights

 

This is weighted average of price ratios of each item, weighted by expenditures at the base period.

 

Example: Method of Weighted Relatives Derived from Laspeyres Method

Price and Quantity Purchased are UNKnown but Total Expenditure and Price Change are Known

Basket of Commodities

Total Expenditure Base Year

Weight (Expenditure io /SExpenditureio )

Price change

Expenditure Weight multiplied by Price Change

 

 

 

a

$191

0.003

1.111

0.004

 

 

 

b

$1,050

0.019

1.029

0.020

 

 

 

c

$3,000

0.055

1.000

0.055

 

 

 

d

$50,750

0.923

1.029

0.949

 

 

 

Total Expenditure   (∑)

$54,991

1.000

 

1.0272

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Example: Index Resulting from Method of Weighted Relatives

 

Year

Index

 

 

 

 

 

 

Base Year Total Expenditure 

100.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

Observed Year Total Expenditure

102.72

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix 3

 

REFERENCES

 

 

Price Index                                                                             Catalogue/Table

Statistics Canada

Construction Price Index                                                        62-007-X

Consumer Price Index                                                                        62-001-XPB

Capital Expenditure Price Statistics                                       62-007-XWE

Industry Price Indexes                                                                        62-011-XWE

Machinery and Equipment Price Indexes                               Various Tables

Service Price Indexes                                                              Various Tables

 

Cushman Wakefield LePage Office Market Statistics

Gross Rental Rate                                                                   Percentage change

 


 

Appendix 4

 

Compensation & Overtime Expenditure by Union Affiliation*

Union Affiliation

Compensation

Per cent

Overtime**

Total Compensation & Overtime

ATU1760

$8,271,739

1%

$413,014

$8,684,753

ATU279

$88,625,778

15%

$4,425,148

$93,050,925

CIPP

$87,444,101

15%

$4,366,146

$91,810,246

CUPE503

$246,556,914

42%

$12,310,761

$258,867,674

CUPE503 LIBRARY

$17,725,156

3%

$885,030

$18,610,185

CUPE503 RECREATION

$11,225,932

2%

$560,519

$11,786,451

CUPE5500

$7,090,062

1%

$354,012

$7,444,074

FIRE

$62,038,044

11%

$3,097,603

$65,135,648

IATSE

$118,168

0%

$5,900

$124,068

MPE

$52,052,873

0%

$0

$52,052,873

NON UNION/ NON MPE

$9,453,416

2%

$472,016

$9,925,432

Total

$590,602,183

100%

$29,489,183

$620,091,366

* period Oct-'04 to Sept -'05

 

 

 

 

**Overtime pro-rated by compensation proportion except for MPE group

 

 

 

 



[1]  Statistics Canada: Catalogue # 62-553 Occasional, Chapter 4.