.

 

 

We are developing a plan to manage Ottawa’s waste over the next 30 years. Draft goals and objectives — established through consultations with key stakeholders — have been outlined in this Discussion Paper for your review. A questionnaire is included to gather feedback and to help us understand YOUR thoughts for the future of Ottawa’s waste management.

 

ottawa.ca/talkwaste

 

 
 

Discussion Paper:

Goals and Target Setting for Ottawa’s 30-Year Waste Plan

 

 


WHAT IS WASTE?

Waste refers to all materials that people no longer need including garbage, recyclables and compostables.

 

Waste Diversion: process of diverting waste from landfills through municipal programs such as recycling and composting.

Residual Waste: materials not reused, recycled or composted — specifically garbage.

Residential Waste: waste generated in homes, including blue and black box, and green bin materials, as well as residual waste. 

Special Wastes: waste not accepted in the blue, black or green bins that should not be disposed of in the landfill, such as paint, batteries and chemicals.

 

Appendices

A     Existing and projected waste generation                                  A-1

B     City’s existing waste programs and services                            B-1

C    Regulatory environment                                                           C-1

D    Private sector waste services available in Ottawa                   D-1

E     Summary of municipal facility waste audits                             E-1

F     10-year solid waste financial plan                                             F-1

G    Area municipality’s waste programs and services                   G-1

 

 


                                                                                                       

 

 


 

WHY DO WE NEED A PLAN?

Over the next 30 years, Ottawa’s population will grow by an estimated 300,000 1. At current consumption and disposal rates, residents will generate an average of about one million tonnes of waste per year. This equals one tonne per person per year at home, work and play. 2, 3

The City of Ottawa is responsible for the collection, processing and disposal of all residential waste. The City also has some degree of influence over the management of waste generated by local businesses and institutions, which is governed and controlled by the Province. 4

But it is as individuals and as a community that we generate waste —and we must be proactive in dealing with its impacts. This Discussion Paper asks Ottawans to be aware of the waste they generate and to take an active role in managing those impacts.

DRAFT VISION

 By 2042, Ottawa will still have room in its municipal landfill because as a community we have improved our rates of reducing, reusing and recycling.

Waste managed by the City of Ottawa

 

FACT:  At current disposal rates, Trail Waste Facility will be full by 2035.5 This City-owned landfill, which has a commercial value of $200 million,6 is where residential “residual” waste is disposed of after it leaves your home. No matter what waste disposal technology or diversion system Ottawa uses, there will always be residual waste to be landfilled.

 

 

Figure 1 – Residential Waste Projections (tonnes/year)

 


Waste managed by the private sector

 
Figure 2 – Business & Institutional Waste Projections (tonnes/year)


MANAGING WASTE

Local waste generation and management is a function of several factors, not all of which are in the control of the City of Ottawa or its residents.

Quantity and Type
Waste begins with the goods we buy and sell. Are they durable, repairable, easily modified or upgraded, recyclable?  Are they sold individually, or heavily packaged with unwanted accessories? Waste generation is also determined by a city’s economy and demographic profile. The quantity of waste Ottawa generates is growing with our population, urban expansion, and prosperity, and reflects the consumer habits of our population. While packaging regulations are a federal responsibility, businesses, institutions and individuals have the ability to exercise choice, and to influence suppliers.

Collection and Processing
 How waste is managed is determined by the limitations of geography, available technologies, the market place, political and public willingness to implement changes, and the affordability of those measures. For example, due to site differences, different equipment is required to collect waste and recyclables from apartments and single-detached homes. These physical differences pose a challenge to delivering a consistent level of service.

Where waste is managed and disposed is largely a function of geography and provincial regulation. The City can pass by-laws to guide the siting and design of facilities, and divert waste to or from municipal landfills, but cannot prohibit their establishment or expansion.7

Who collects, processes and disposes of waste is a function of provincial regulations, the market place and local by-laws. The City is required by the Province to provide collection to most single-family homes, but not required to service townhomes, apartment complexes, businesses and institutions. The City offered high-density residences waste services several years ago. As their private waste collection contracts expire, the majority have accepted.

Businesses and institutions in Ottawa depend on the private sector for waste collection, as does the City for the provision of some of its residential collection and diversion programs. The waste industry has undergone significant consolidation in recent years, and is overseen by legislation and regulations at both the federal and provincial levels.8

 

Figure 3 – Factors Influencing Waste Generation and Management

 


 

http://www.grid.unep.ch/waste/images/10-11_cycle.gif

                                        Source: United Nations Environment Programme

 

Figure 4 – Waste Generation Scheme

 

 

Figure 5 – The Waste Hierarchy

The complexity of managing waste is highlighted in Figure 4. Waste is generated at all stages of a product’s development, right from its inception out of raw materials through to its manufacture, distribution and ultimate disposal. The fact that recycle and recovery opportunities exist at each of these stages emphasizes the need to consider all aspects of the waste process in setting policy and developing programs.  Because no one organization controls all elements of the waste cycle, demonstrating leadership, promoting environmental stewardship, and establishing partnerships are key to successful and sustainable waste management programs.

The Waste Hierarchy illustrates current thinking on how best to manage waste. Emphasis is first placed on consumption patterns, then on reusing and exchanging goods, then on recycling and composting what cannot be reused, and lastly on energy recovery and landfilling. This hierarchy reflects the environmental, social, and economic costs of producing and transporting goods using raw materials and non-renewable resources, and on collecting, processing, and disposing of waste.

GUIDING PRINCIPLES

·         Follow the waste hierarchy

·         Demonstrate leadership

·         Promote stewardship

·         Foster partnerships

·         Customer focused

FACT:  In 2008, 34 million tonnes of waste was handled by the waste management industry in Canada. This equates to roughly one tonne of waste per person.  Of this, approximately 60% came from businesses and institutions, while the remaining 40% came from residential sources.

Waste Management Industry Survey: Business and Government Sectors 2008, Statistics Canada

 

 


MINIMIZING WASTE

 

Waste is generated at home, at work and at play. To minimize the amount of waste we generate requires us to examine what we buy, how we use things, and how we dispose of them at home or away.

In 2010, Ottawa residents generated approximately 900 tonnes of waste each day in their homes. This equates to 900 kg per household or 360 kg per person every year.9 Think of 6.5 transport trailers full of waste over the average person’s life.10

Since 1992, Ottawa’s residential diversion rate has increased from 14% to 41% — yet the total amount of waste to be managed has increased with population growth.

Figure 6 - Ottawa Residential Waste Generation (tonnes/year)


DRAFT GOAL

1.    Generate less waste.

HOW TO ACHIEVE

a)    Federal regulations need to be amended to reduce packaging waste.

b)    Manufacturers and retailers need to reduce waste in the production and sale of their goods.

c)    Local businesses, institutions and individual consumers need to make sustainable choices in the purchase of goods and services.

d)    City policies, programs, and practices need to reduce waste generation at City facilities and facilitate the above.

DRAFT TARGETS

Residential waste generation rates measured in kilograms per capita per year (kg/c/y.)

Residential waste generation

kg/capita/yr

2010 11

2015

2022

2042

360

350

325

300

 

FACT:  Most households that make full use of the City’s diversion programs report that they set out one or fewer bags of garbage each week.

 

 

WASTE IS A VALUABLE COMMODITY

Waste generation is unavoidable. However, it is not without value.  Waste management in Canada is a multi-billion dollar industry. In 2008, it was worth $7.6 billion.12 In 2010, the operating cost for Ottawa’s residential waste programs was approximately $61 million.13 It is estimated that local businesses and institutions paid an additional $140 to $280 million for waste collection, processing, shipping, and disposal.14

Those costs will increase over time as the landfills serving Ottawa reach capacity and new disposal facilities must be sited and built.  The community can mitigate future financial, social, and environmental risks associated with those facilities by thinking about and managing waste as a commodity.

Figure 7 – Commodities in Residential Waste, by weight

FACT:  Fact:  In 2010, $8.4 million in revenue was generated from the sale of blue and black box recyclables from the residential recycling program.  However, an estimated $535,000 in potential revenue from blue and black box material went straight to landfill because it was thrown into the garbage.15

 
 

 

 

 


Figure 8 – Commodities in ICI and C&D Waste, by weight

Waste recovery facilities are more numerous and sophisticated today than 20 years ago. This makes it possible to divert materials from the landfill that were previously non-recyclable. With an increasing supply of recovered goods in the market place, investors and manufacturers are demonstrating greater willingness to develop processes and products that use waste as material inputs. As Canadians have embraced waste diversion, markets for recovered goods have increased.

Everyone in Ottawa can enhance their diversion rates and, in so doing, contribute to the maturation of the market place for recovered materials and goods made from recycled products.

DRAFT GOAL

2.    Optimize waste diversion.

HOW TO ACHIEVE

a)    Waste recovery facilities and stable markets need to be established within a financially feasible distance of Ottawa.

b)    Comprehensive and consistent diversion programs need to be available in every household and place of work.

c)    Waste diversion receptacles need to be accessible in public spaces.

d)    Programs for special wastes need to be widely available.

e)    People need to make full use of the programs and services provided.

DRAFT TARGETS

Municipal capture rates, by material, by source.  (Example:  If a household generates 100 kg of paper and fibre waste per year and places 80 kg at the curb in the black box, the capture rate for that material would be 80%.)

Municipal Capture Rates (%)

2010

2015

2022

2042

Residential Curbside Program 16

Paper & fibre

80

85

90

95

Metals

60

70

80

95

Glass

57

70

80

95

Recyclable Plastics

57

70

80

95

Green Bin Organics

28

60

65

90

Leaf & Yard Waste

99

99

99

99

Residential High-density Program 17

Paper & fibre

50

65

75

90

Metals

25

50

75

95

Glass

63

75

85

95

Recyclable Plastics

39

50

75

90

Organics 18

n/a

TBD

TBD

TBD

City Facilities

Paper & fibre

n/a

85

90

95

Metals

n/a

70

80

95

Glass

n/a

70

80

95

Recyclable Plastics

n/a

70

80

95

Organics

n/a

50

65

90

Public Right-of-Way (ROW) and Spaces

Paper & fibre

n/a

50

70

90

Metals

n/a

50

70

90

Glass

n/a

50

70

90

Recyclable Plastics

n/a

50

70

90

Organics

n/a

50

70

90

Municipal Construction & Demolition (C&D) Projects

Asphalt

n/a

TBD

TBD

TBD

Wood

n/a

TBD

TBD

TBD

Metal

n/a

TBD

TBD

TBD

Drywall

n/a

TBD

TBD

TBD

Shingles

n/a

TBD

TBD

TBD

Concrete

n/a

TBD

TBD

TBD


IC&I and C&D recovery rates, by material type. The following targets are based upon what has been achieved by corporate leaders in Ottawa and elsewhere. Area businesses and institutions are challenged to strive for these targets as community partners in waste management.

Capture Rate (%)

2010

2015

2022

2042

Industrial, Commercial & Institutional (IC&I) Properties

Paper & fibre

n/a

85

90

95

Metals

n/a

70

80

95

Glass

n/a

70

80

95

Recyclable Plastics

n/a

70

80

95

Organics

n/a

60

65

90

Non-municipal Construction & Demolition (C&D) Projects

Asphalt

n/a

50

70

95

Wood

n/a

50

70

95

Metal

n/a

70

80

95

Drywall

n/a

50

70

95

Shingles

n/a

50

70

95

Concrete

n/a

50

70

95

 

FACTS:
 In 2008, the Ottawa Airport Authority completed a 34,000m2 demolition and expansion project. A key objective of the project was to optimize material recovery and minimize waste generation.  As a result, over 87% of demolition waste was recovered for reuse and recycling.

Audits conducted at federal facilities in the National Capital Region between 2005 and 2009 indicate that, on average, 70% of waste materials generated are diverted for reuse, recycling, or composting. This is equal to approximately 5,700 tonnes per year diverted from landfill.

 

 

MANAGING SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Waste management services are essential to protect human health and the environment.  As such, their importance must be reflected in all aspects of the business, including:

·         Program design and delivery

·         Asset management

·         Cost of service

DRAFT GOAL

 

3.    Reliable, safe and affordable municipal waste services.

 

HOW TO ACHIEVE

a)    Waste assets and programs need to be designed, managed, and delivered to minimize environmental and community impacts.

b)    Municipal waste services need to be resilient and constant.

c)    Municipal waste services need to be affordable.

d)    A safe work environment needs to be maintained at all times.

 

DRAFT TARGETS

·         Maintain 100% regulatory compliance with facility Certificates of Approval and all provincial and federal regulations applicable to City waste operations.

·         Zero workplace accidents per year.

·         Less than five odour incidents per year at City facilities.

 

CUSTOMER SERVICE

Waste management is a core service, averaging 155,000 pick-ups every day.  The success of its management is visible and directly influences how residents and visitors feel about Ottawa. Currently, the City serves the following customers:

·         270,000 curb-side households

·         1,500 high-density residential complexes

·         200 street-front businesses

·         90 schools and some institutions 19

·         150 municipal facilities 20

 

DRAFT GOAL

 

4.    Ensure customers have a high degree of satisfaction with the City’s waste services.

 

 

HOW TO ACHIEVE

a)    Customers must receive reliable and friendly service.

b)    Problems must be addressed in a timely and satisfactory manner.

c)    Services must be available in both official languages, and in ways to meet special needs.

d)    Programs must be designed to reflect Ottawa’s cultural diversity.

 

 

DRAFT TARGETS

 

·         Less than 1% missed pick-ups per day.

·         90% household participation rate in municipal diversion programs by 2042.

·         90% of customers highly satisfied with the City’s waste services programs.

FACT:  Fact:  In 2010, the City received an average of 260 calls/day regarding missed pick-ups (15% of total calls received.)  These calls were due to a variety of reasons including incorrect set-out (e.g. blue box on a black box day), late set-out (after 7 a.m.), operator error, and inclement weather.

 
.


MANAGING the FINANCES
and ASSETS

Infrastructure needed to manage Ottawa’s waste

The City owns two operating landfills: the Trail Waste Facility in Nepean and the Springhill Landfill in Osgoode. These facilities have space for an additional 7,590,500 cubic metres of waste.21 If disposal rates at each of the facilities remain unchanged, Trail will be full in 2035 and Springhill in 2018. 22 The Trail landfill has a net operating cost of $4.7 million/year.

The City is a partner in PowerTrail Inc., a public-private partnership that operates a five megawatt landfill-gas-to-energy plant at the Trail Waste Facility. Currently, the partnership generates roughly $120,000 in annual income for the City.

The City also owns a 60-hectare property on Barnsdale Road that is licensed for leaf and yard waste, and a fleet of 23 garbage trucks, 804,000 curbside bins, 6,300 apartment bins and various specialty landfill equipment. 

In addition to these assets and partnerships, the City manages annual contracts valued at $47.5 million 23 for the collection and processing of residential waste.

Advantages to City-owned assets

·         Continuous access to local disposal outlets.

·         Stable hauling and disposal costs.

·         No possibility of business failures, breaches of contract, industry consolidation, decreased competition in the market place, or restrictions on the trans-boundary movement of waste.

·         Flexibility to meet special needs, including the piloting of alternative equipment and systems, cost efficiently.

·         Direct control and influence over the use of local airspace.

·         Direct control and influence over environmental controls.

·         Provision of full diversion services to the community.

·         Flow control—directing how waste is managed and disposed.

·         Tipping revenues.

·         Validation of private sector pricing and service delivery proposals.

·         Direct customer contact and problem resolution.

 

Advantages to contracted service delivery

·         Competitive pricing.

·         Reduced asset inventory and liability.

·         Reduced overhead in the administration of staff and assets.

 

What does it all cost?

The costs to operate and maintain the City’s facilities and equipment, and to deliver collection and diversion programs are offset in part through the sale of recyclables and via the fees charged at Trail Waste Facility. The balance is funded through a rate applied to each residential property, and the tax rate applied to all properties in Ottawa.  In 2010, the total cost to deliver the residential waste program was $61 million.24 This reflects a 50% increase since 2001, but also a significant increase in level of service across the City.25

Strong asset, financial, and risk management strategies are needed in order to manage these costs over time.

DRAFT GOAL

5.    Asset optimization, financial accountability, and risk management in all aspects of program design and service delivery.

HOW TO ACHIEVE

a)    Municipal waste assets must be managed to optimize their use and life expectancy.

b)    A balance of private and public sector assets and services must be used to mitigate financial and service delivery risks.

c)    All services delivered must be based upon full-cost recovery, and employ user pay where appropriate.

d)    City-owned landfills must be preserved for residential residual wastes.

DRAFT TARGETS

·         Trail Waste Facility is still operating in 2042.

·         Springhill Waste Facility is still operating in 2022.

·         Adherence to the 10-year financial plan for waste services.26

·         On average, cost of service increases in the years 2013-2042 are no greater than the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for Ottawa.

FACT:  The Springhill Waste Facility is owned by the City and operated by Tomlinson Waste Services.  The facility is permitted to receive residential and non-residential waste from the former Osgoode Township.  

 

 
 

 


PROVINCIAL RELATIONS

The Ontario government is responsible for the review, approval, and oversight of all waste processing and disposal facilities in Ontario, and for the licensing of waste haulers. It is also responsible for ensuring that businesses and institutions develop and implement waste diversion plans in accordance with the Environmental Protection Act, R.S.O. 1990.  Finally, it sets out specific requirements for the delivery of municipal waste programs, including waste diversion.

 

The City works closely with the Province in addressing local waste management issues. In recent years, this has included the 2006 expansion of the Trail Waste Facility, as well providing comments on private sector waste management proposals lying within the city.

However, it is important to note that the City can only exercise influence over private sector proposals, as approval powers rest with the Province.

 

Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is the term used to describe the responsibility of manufacturers and retailers to help divert their goods away from landfill. The provincial government oversees three EPR programs through Waste Diversion Ontario, a not-for-profit organization created under the Waste Diversion Act.  Each stewardship group is managed by manufacturers and importers who collect and allocate money to municipalities to help support diversion programs.  In some cases, these groups also deliver diversion programs, which is why Ottawans can now return used phones etc. to most large electronic retailers.

·         Stewardship Ontario focuses on diversion of blue box, and special and household hazardous wastes (HHW).

·         Ontario Electronics Stewardship is responsible for collection and recycling of waste electronic material.

·         Ontario Tires Stewardship collects and manages waste tires.

In 2010, Ottawa received approximately $4 million from these groups to help fund the City’s waste diversion programs. The amount of money the City receives increases with the amount of waste that residents divert.

 

DRAFT GOAL

6.    The Province increases its regulatory and financial leadership in waste management.

HOW TO ACHIEVE

a)   Expanded and increased funding of EPR programs is necessary.

b)   Updates of the Waste Diversion Act and enforcement of its policies is needed.

c)   Increased influence must be secured over local waste management facilities and systems.

MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT

The design and delivery of quality waste programs require timely access to reliable and current data. The City uses audits, call-centre data, surveys, weigh-scale data, and financial records to optimize and assess its performance, anticipate and mitigate problems, plan for the future, and to respond to changes in regulations and the market place. Unfortunately, the City does not have ready access to the following information:

·         Waste generation, composition and diversion rates of local businesses and institutions.

·         Waste volumes entering and leaving the city.

·         Regional waste generation and management statistics.

Therefore, all numbers quoted in this report regarding local businesses and institutions and private waste facilities are estimates only, and cannot be verified. This limits the City’s ability to understand and plan for roughly two-thirds of the waste generated in Ottawa.

DRAFT GOALS

 

7.    Regular assessment and reporting on the City’s waste programs and services.

8.    Access to data affecting waste management in Ottawa.

 

HOW TO ACHIEVE

a)    Continuous improvement of municipal waste management data collection, management, and use is vital.

b)   Waste generation and flow data needs to be published by the Province.

c)   Local businesses and institutions must share waste data and learning.

d)   Annual updates are needed to Council on implementation of Ottawa’s Waste Plan.

e)   An update of Ottawa’s Waste Plan is necessary every five years.

DRAFT TARGET

 

·         Access to inter-jurisdictional waste generation and flow data, by material type, by 2015.

FACT:  The City’s waste collections systems are paper-free.  Every waste inspector has a mobile device for addressing service calls. In 2008, the City invested in a GPS system at Trail Waste Facility to improve compaction and optimize airspace use at the landfill.

 

DEFINING our CUSTOMER and SERVICE AREA

The City’s municipal waste program is focused on serving households, but includes delivery of the Yellow Bag program to small street-front businesses, the collection of waste from City facilities, the piloting of green bin service to local institutions, and the management of IC&I waste at Springhill landfill. This plan does not propose any significant change in the customer base.

Municipalities throughout eastern Ontario and western Quebec face the same waste management challenges as Ottawa, including the need to balance service delivery requirements with financial, social, and environmental objectives.  Regionalization of waste management could help to balance these objectives.  For example, a consortium of municipalities could be formed to commission the design, construction, and operation of one or more regional waste facilities.  Such partnerships would take several years to establish but could play an important role in the long-term sustainability of waste services in Ottawa.27

NEXT STEPS

Public feedback on the goals outlined in this Discussion Paper can be provided via a questionnaire online at ottawa.ca/talkwaste or by calling 3-1-1 during working hours until 4 p.m. November 1, 2011.

OR

Residents can supply feedback to Councillors and staff at the following public events:

·         Saturday, October 22, 7 a.m. to 12 noon
- Bob MacQuarrie Recreation Complex
- Walter Baker Sports Centre

·         Sunday, October 23, 11 a.m. to 5 p.m.
- Rideau Centre

·         Saturday, October 29, 7 a.m. to 12 noon

- Jim Durrell Recreation Centre
- Stittsville Community Centre

The City will review public comments, revise the goals, objectives, and targets as needed, and submit them to the Environment Committee on November 15, 2011. Committee will discuss and debate them, and will forward its recommendations to Council for approval.  

Public delegations are permitted at committee meetings, not council meetings. If interested, please call 3-1-1 to obtain details on how to make a presentation to the Environment Committee about this matter.

NEXT PHASES

The next phase in development of Ottawa’s Waste Plan will focus on examining HOW Ottawa can achieve the objectives and targets approved by Council.

The following tools will be examined:

·         Regulatory

·         Policy

·         By-law

·         Educational

·         Promotional

·         Technological

·         Geopolitical

·         Financial

·         Structural

·         Organizational

·         Procedural

·         Systems

·         Fines

·         Incentives

Options will be evaluated and a set of recommended strategies will be tabled for consideration and approval in Spring-Summer 2012.

The final phase in the development of Ottawa’s Waste Plan will be to develop an implementation plan and budget for the first 10 years of the Plan. This will form the basis of an update to the Solid Waste 10-year financial plan, and is scheduled to be tabled ahead of the draft 2013 budget in Fall 2012.

STAY CONNECTED

If you are part of a stakeholder organization, please call 3-1-1 to ensure that your group is on our stakeholder contact list.

To be kept informed of future project activities, call 3-1-1 or visit ottawa.ca/talkwaste to register your name and contact information.

NOTES

1 City of Ottawa planning projections, August 2011.

2 Average residential waste generated over 30 year period is estimated at 396,000 tonnes/yr, IC&I 680,000 tonnes/yr, average population for the period 2011 to 2042 is 1,084, 852.

3 Appendix A contains details regarding existing and future waste generation.

4 Appendix B contains details regarding the City’s existing waste programs and services.

5 Trail Road Landfill Site Report for the 2010 Monitoring and Operating Program, May 2011, Dillon Consulting.

6 2007 dollars, based on the per tonne price paid by City of Toronto for the Green Lane landfill of $16.92 per tonne.

7 Appendix C contains details regarding the waste regulatory environment.

8 Appendix D describes private waste sector services available in Ottawa.

9 Residential waste projections spreadsheet, Stantec, September 16 2011, based on 360,164 residential households.

10 Assumes approximately 55kg/m3, an average trailer volume of 81.5 m3, and an average life of 80 years.

11 Methodology: tonnes of residential waste collected divided by the population data from City of Ottawa planning projections, August 2011.

12 2008 operating revenues for local government and business sectors, Waste Management Industry Survey: Business and Government Sectors 2008, Statistics Canada.

13 Budget 2011 Operating and Capital Budget.

14 Based on 2010 tonnage estimates for IC&I (including C&D) of 573,000 tonnes of waste, trailer volume of 81.5m3, 55kg/m3, $40 per lift (2 cubic yard bin) and $80 per lift (8 cubic yard bin).

15 Based on estimated 2.94% of blue box materials and 3.43% of black box materials in residual waste stream per City of Ottawa Residential Curbside Waste Characterization Study, Green Bin Program Rollout 2010 Final Report, Viridis Environmental Incorporated and $8.4 million revenue generated in 2010.           

16 Based on data in City of Ottawa Residential Curbside Waste Characterization Study Green Bin Program Rollout 2010 Final Report, Viridis Environmental Incorporated

17 2010 capture rate for high density residential based on summary of data from audits completed in 2005 and 2006 per City of Ottawa Solid Waste Services Division Multi-Unit Waste Characterization Study Quarterly Reports, Integrated Environmental Waste Services.

18 As of October 2011, 45 medium and high density housing developments that have containerized waste collection receive Green Bin service.

19 On-going pilots are being conducted in institutional buildings.

20 This is expected to rise to 210 facilities by the end of 2011, and to 400 facilities by the end of 2013.

21 Trail Road has 6,934,710 m3 per Trail Road Landfill site Report for the 2010 Monitoring and Operating Program, May 2011, Dillon Consulting, while Springhill has 655,784 m3 per Annual Report, 2010 Springhill Landfill Site, May 2011, Tomlinson Waste Management Inc.

22 If operating conditions remain the same at both landfills.

23 2010 actual costs, $34.4 million collection, $12.5 million for organics, recyclables and hazardous household waste processing, and $0.5 million for Plasco.

24 Budget 2011 Operating and Capital Budget.

25 Based on 2001 budget of $30,936,000 per 2002 final Operating Budget: Transportation, Utilities and Public Works Department.

26 Appendix B contains a summary of the 10-year solid waste financial plan.

27 Appendix G contains a summary of area municipality’s waste programs and services.