Heat Exhaustion

Heat exhaustion is a non-life-threatening condition caused by the excessive loss of water and salts from the body due to prolonged exposure to extreme heat. City of Ottawa Paramedics remind you that continued exposure may lead to heat stroke, which is life-threatening. Young children and the elderly are most susceptible to heat exhaustion.

Causes:

  • Prolonged exposure to extreme heat
  • Loss of body water and salts - usually through sweating
  • Not drinking enough fluids
  • Certain illnesses will also cause heat exhaustion

Preventing Heat Exhaustion:

  • Keep cool - take frequent breaks when working or playing outdoors in extreme heat
  • Wear light-coloured clothes and hat - they reflect heat from the sun
  • Avoid strenuous work or sport activities during the intense sunlight hours from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m.
  • Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day such as water, juice or sports drinks (Gatorade™)

What to look for:

  • Headache
  • Blurred vision
  • Nausea or upset stomach
  • Vomiting
  • Sluggishness or fatigue
  • Thirst
  • Profuse sweating
  • Moderate increase in body temperature

Treatment:

  • Move the person to a cool and dry place
  • Have the person lie down and rest
  • Apply cool water to skin and reapply often
  • Fan the wet skin
  • Have person drink fluids such as water, juice or sports drinks (Gatorade™)
  • Apply ice to head, neck, armpits and groin areas
  • If the person is showing signs of heat stroke call 9-1-1 immediately
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